Apparatus for use in the manufacture of nuts



July 20, 1943. c D REED 2,324,953

APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NUTS Original Filed March 28, 1941 2 Sheetshsheet 1 36 laadf .j5?ed.

July 20, 1943.

c. D. REED 2,324,953

APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NUTS Original F'iled March 28, 1941 2 sheets- Sheet 2 L; k [TTI sin? Ill Y SMQ: v

Patented July 20, 1943 f [UNITE-D. STAT APPARATUS Fon USETN Tin: MANUFAC- t TUBE or NUTS Claude D. Reed, Lebanon,

. hem SteelCornpany, a

' Vania Pa., assignorl toBethlecorporation of Pennsyloriginal application March 2s, 1941,seria'1 No. 385,643. Divided and this application April30,

1942, Serial No. 441,115

v7 claires. (o1. .s1-11's) This invention relates tot-apparatus for use inf the manufacture of nuts havinga finished pol-y ished surface and is a division of my copending application Serial No. 385,643, iiled;March 28, 1941, and relates more particularly to the manner-of forming the projecting pin andholder for retaining the nut blanksf, in proper position:

on the'carrier disk during thegrinding of the Sides. f' 3.

In the above mentioned copending application which relates tothe steps in the manufacture of ghexagonal shaped nuts Or-thelike made byvv hot pressedforging in which the blank is taken cold andthe top and bottomends ground-cr polished smooth. The blank vis then placed between dies and the smooth ends cold forged to produce a crowned top and an integrally formed washer face on the bottom surface of the blank. During this operation beveled surfaces are also formed by the dies at the ends-fof ,the axial opening of the -blanks to facilitate thread` ing of the same. This cold forging of thecrown and washer on the endsof the nut blank-dise.

torts the sides of the same. The sides' ofjthe, nut blank are then ground to remove this distortion and to form a smooth polished surface,

after which the interior `portion of the nut is threaded to complete thenut forming operation. Referring now to theaccompanying two sheets of drawings forming a part of, this specification and in which like characters refer to like parts: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a nut blank formed by a hot pressed forging operation and indicating the rough outer surface thereof; 1A f;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view ofv the nut blanks shown in Fig.v 1 after the ends of the blanks have been ground smooth;

. Fig. 3 is a `vertical, section showing the die forming operationfor producing the crown and Washer on the top and 'bottom surfacesof the nut-blank and also for producing the chamfered surfaces at the ends of the axialopening formed therein; v v

Fig. 4 is a side elevation showing the finished outer surface of thenut, blank; f f

Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the finished nut after thescrew threading operation; f

Fig. 6 'is an enlarged detail top, plan View illustrating the manner of holding the nut blanks on Vthe carrier disk during the side surfacing of the same; l

Fig. '7 is adetail View illustrating the-manner of holding and grindingthe ends of a nut blank;

Fig.. 8`is a Vdetail view illustrating-the,manner of holding and grinding the sides of a nut blank;

CII

Fig. 9 is a detail sideve1evanon of aportiop of the carrier disk showing the manner of attaching the retainer pins andnut holders thereto;

i Fig. 10 is aftop plan view of the portion ofi the carrier disk shown in Fig. 9; and

Fig. 1l. illustrates the manner of nut blanks to the machine for grindingthe ofthe blanks Yas shown in Fig. 7.

Referring nowV to the various characters of reference upon the drawings, the numeral I ends designates ra nut blank formed by hot pressed forging having a rough exterior surface.,` The cold'blank I is then fed into a chute 2, lof `a machine-3, where it is fed by .gravity into the notches 4 of a carrier disk 5. It1is then advancedv `by means of a-motor drive-6 between a pair of rotatinggrinding disks I where the ends 8; of vthe nut blanks are ground smooth and polished. The nut blank is then inserted be tween dies as indicated in dotted line in the mechanism shown in Fig. 3. This mechanism comprisesa bottom plate 9 for a die shell I0 which'is attached thereto by means of boltsv I I. A filler block rI2 mounted centrallypn thebottom plate S'for the die shell I0 upon which is mounted'centrally and secured` in position by means of a bolt I3 a countersinking. die I4 which tions I5 and I-6. `Surrounding thecountersinking die I4 is a facing die I'I having an4 annular recess I8 formed in its upper` surface `f orfthe purposefofjformin-g a -washer face orf-the nut blank and has a flange I9 extending outwardly from its lower edgeadapted. to engage an4 inwardly extending ange 20 of the-shell I0.' Surrounding the filler block I2 within the die shell I0 between the bottomdie plate 9 and, the flanged end I9 of the facing die II isa helical spring 2l which is normally adapted to hold, the facing die `II in its raised position. Adapted to reciprocate Iabove the countersinkingdie I4 and the facingdie I'I is a crowning die v22 having a. recess 23v formed therein for this purpose-,land a projecting central portion with. double beveled surfaces 24 and r 25. I,

When thenut blank having its ends ground and polished is inserted between the dies shown in Fig. 3 the crowning ldie 22 is raised andthe blank is placed on the countersinking diexl4 with the beveled-end I5 extending into the lower end of the axialfopening 26 formed in the nut blank thereby rcentering the blankthereon at the feeding the I6 and 25 of the countersinking die I4, and the I crowning die 22, respectively Owingrtutherr Y10': verxtion inconsiderable detail, I do not wish to be pressure exerted on the ends of the blank duringtf this operation the sides of the blank will be formed slightly concaved as indicated 'at"31."

After cold forging the ends of "the nutblank as above described, the crowning die 22 is again raised to the dotted line positionansd the .heliicali spring 2| will exert pressure ontlelfacing'dieI'F` thereby stripping the nut blank from the end of the countersinking die I4. The blank can `:then be removed by the operator and another blank placed' i between' dies f afndff this operatiom repeated- Afterf-tl'r'enut--blank has been 'crowned fand'a washerface formed thereon'it isrfedizoa machine for grinding tliesidesoff'the'blanld Iam awarei that grindingandfnishingtheends and' sides-of nutiblanks'are `old `and' Wel1\lmown in thefartofi nut manufacture; Aymachineadaptedfr' this4 purpose 'isf disclosed iin a patent issuedto `-Jones, Nov 15923-5931,? dated''August' 22, 1933, andial-vthough rthis patent is'shown adapted for grinding' thesids-'of rrutl blanks, by-` changing the carrierA diskto thefornrshown inFlg; 11 of this'application it couldbealteredlfor grinding thesendsof thel'rrutblankseequall'yf as Iwelis Rie'icrowned nutblank withth'ewasherff formed 'thereon is fed' to `afmacliine similar to" theorie disclosed in the; abovejmentioned Jrnespatent and preferably placed'vrnanusllyon one of'aplurality-'of the-projecting-'stud endsrn cfa-retaining pin 3S 'which arevv` secured to' the peripheral edge of 'a carrierfdiskwl The'peripireral 'redge of 'thecarrierfdfslf31H15A provided 4with recesses Weach f ada-pteclto receive a: nut holder 36 having beveledand' radially-extending'inclined projecting-surfaces -3-"I vland 3&5 respectively,A adapt ed'ft'oengage oriefsidvedgex ofthenut blankV as indicated itx-Figs.' 6j 9 and 10'2to-lr0ld the' mit blankand preventf it frome tiirningdnrmg" the grinding i operation 1 Th'estud end'pofthe retaining l'pint I lis som what'larger than thelshan'k of thesame-wh'iel'i eertendslradially through registeringholesand lf-"in'v the-'- nutholder' and :the carrier disklf 31,( respectively,-I with` the inner end projecting' into an1 orpening-4|l in the said'carrier' disk tov they recess' 35? and is tl'ireaded: as aftY 4I to receive a nutf43f- After each-nutfblank'liasbeen advanced bythe carri'erfdisk 3bctwecnvtheagrindingdisks lland the two adjacent' sides have'beerr' groundithe' nut blank-is indexed Uyfrotatlxrg it af partiirlrcvolu` tion to present another pair' offside surfaeesto thel grinding disk. Iff the` nut' lilanlif isf for' a hexagon sided nut it will beyindexedtwioeand then ejected fromthef'machine, allf'of which is describedin l the; J onespatent.'

It flias b'een found` by) actual i practice thatiff a nut" blank` isl plcedV on` a plain` stud. extending from'4 the car-rien disk' without any backing that trie nut blank; is= liable#V tb' turn somewhat while passingf betv'weenv the 1 grinding' disk" thereby` cut` ting more/from one side of'ftlieblank than from thel adj acentr side ser-that? the' sides-1 are f noti' unifrm; andI in orden to obviate this; the studs! are made oval in cross-section and slightly smaller than the axial opening 26 in the blank I as indicated in Fig. 6, thereby allowing the inclined sides of the blank to adjust itself to the inclined surfaces 31 andl 38 but enabling the blank to be indexediami 'more easily', ejiected from the machine. After which the blank is threaded to produce a finished nut.

i Although I have shown and described my intarti'rng.7 carrierA for moving.` a. plurality of' blanks 1 int' seriesabetvreen` v the grinding'. disk; re.l

cesseoformedin thief-peripheral edge of ith'e: carrierrdisk-,a nut Fblanlc holder seated in eachrecess, aitransverse opening' 4through the. 'disk'I4 adjacent' to'eaehirecess, registering holes extending: radiaily through-each :nut blank holder and the. car-` rier disk to the transverse opening throughthey carrier-disk, aI-retainingifpin ineach'oi'the radially extendingh'oles in :thenut blank holderfand the carrier'y disln; a;l nut'in each; ofi the: 'transverse openings inthetcarrierdisk-threaded ion the inner 'endiof eachretaining-pin for securing: each nut-Ulankffholder tosthe peripheral edge.' of. the

carrier dish, wstud projection oval inl crosssectionlextending from=each retaining'` adapted to extend into the `axial iperforation 1 of eachv vmit blank; an extending portion for each blankholderfhaving'beveld and-'radially inclined surfaces frfengagingones'ideofithe "blank coacting with theI Voval shapedfstud kprojection for holdingV the opposiwsids loff: the blank 'in parallel alignrnent during thv grindingvoperation.

2.' Ibla machine-fon finishing the sides voi nut blanksha'vingvf an 1 axialV perforation, comprising a'. pair of l rotary` grinding disks arranged adjaoenrtzto'each' other inis'paced'relation, a'vrotary carrier' dislifor' moving ai plurality of blanks in seriest betviveen-` they grinding disks, recesses fbrmedl' in theperipheral edge l of tliecarrier dissi; ablank'holder seated inzeachzreccss, a retaining'pinwfor vsecuring-eraan' blank holder-to the peripheraledgefof the-carrIerdISk, a stud projction oval `in cross-'section extending fromeach retainingfpim adapted-to extend into--thel axial perforation of each blank, an'extendingportion for eachfblank` holder having beveled andfradiizilyinclined surfacesi for engagingone side of the blankr ooactingw'lth'- the oval shaped stud projection fr normally holding the opposite sides-of the-blank in parallel alignment during the grinding operation.

3. Ihamachine for finishing the sides'of blanks having an axial perforation, comprising a pair off coactirigy rotary grinding disks l arranged adjacent to each-otherbinzspaced'-relation, a rotary carrier disk' for moving apluralityV of:y blanks in series* bctween the grinding disks,l stud projectionslovalfin rcross-section extending fromA the peripheral edge of the carrier'diskeachadapted tolextendintothe axial perforation of. a blank, andfan extending portion; on f the peripheral l edge of,` the rotary carrien adjacent. toieachzstudprojectlbn -f hcvingabeveled 1 and. radiallyfin clined surfaces adapted tov coact with the stud projection for normally holding the opposite sides of the blank in parallel alignment during the grinding operation.Y

4. In a machine for finishing the sides of nut blanks having an axial perforation,`comprising a pair of rotary grinding disks arranged in spaced relation, a rotary carrier disk for moving a plurality f nut blanks in series between the grinding disks, recesses formed in the peripheral edge of the carrier disk, a nut blank holder seated in each recess, a transverse opening through the carrier disk adjacent to each recess, registering holes extending radially through each nut blank holder and the carrier disk, a retaining pin in each of the radially extending holes in the nut blank holder and the carrier disk having means for rigidly securing the nut .blank holderto the carrier disk, a stud projection for each retaining pin adapted to extend into the axial perforation of each nut blank, and an extending portion for each blank holder having beveled and radially inclined surfaces for engaging one side of the blank and coacting with the stud projection for holding opposite sides of the blank in parallel alignment during the grinding operation.

5. In a machine for finishing the sides of nut blanks having an axial perforation, comprising a pair of rotary grinding disks arranged in spaced relation, a rotary carrier disk for moving a plurality of nut blanks in series between the grinding disks, recesses formed in the peripheral edge of the carrier disk, a nut blank holder seated in each recess, a transverse opening through the carrier disk adjacent to each recess, registering holes extending radially through each nut blank holder and the carrier disk, a retaining pin in each of the radially extending holes in the nut blank holder and the carrier disk having a threaded end extending into the transverse openings in the carrier disk, and an enlarged stud projection oval in cross-section extending from each retaining pin adapted to engage the nut blank holder and to extend into the axial perforation of each nut blank, a nut on each of the threaded ends of the retaining pins in the transverse openings for clamping the inner surface of the stud projection against the face of the nut blank holder, and an extending portion for each nut blank holder having beveled and radially inclined surfaces for engaging one side of the nut blank coacting with the oval shaped stud projection for homing the opposite sides of the nut blank in parallel alignment during the grinding operation.

6. In a machine for finishing the sides of nut i blanks having an axial perforation, comprising a, pair of rotary grinding disks arranged opposite each other in spaced relation, a rotary carrier disk for moving a plurality of nut blanks in series between the grinding disks, a plurality of recesses in the peripheral edge of the carrier disk, a nut blank holder removably inserted in each recess, a transverse opening through the carrier disk adjacent to each recess, registering holes extending radially through each nut blank holder and the carrier disk to the transverse opening,

a bolt extending through each of the registering radially extending holes in the nut blank holder and carrier disk-having its inner end threaded and projecting into the transverse opening, said bolt having a stud head projection for engaging Athe nut blank holder and to extend into the axial perforation in the nut blank, a nut on the threaded end of the bolt in the transverse opening for securing the nut blank holder in position, and an extending portion for each nut blank holder hav ing beveled and radially inclined surfaces for engaging one side of the nut blank coacting with the stud head projection of the bolt for holding the opposite sides of the nut blank in parallel alignment during the grinding operation.

7. 'In a machine forA finishing the sides of nut blanks having an axial perforation, comprising a pair of rotating grinding disks arranged in spaced relation, a rotary carrier disk for moving a plurality of nut blanks in series between the grinding disks, recesses formed in the peripheral edge of the carrier disk, a removable nut blank holder seated in each recess, a retaining pin for each nut blank holder havingy a stud projection oval in cross-section for engaging the outer central portion of the nut blank holder-each adapted to extend into the axial perforation of a nut blank, means on the retaining pins for clamping the nut blank holders to the rotary carrier disk, and an extending portion for each nut blank holder having beveled and radially inclined surfaces for engaging one side of the nut blank coacting with the stud projection of the retaining pin for holding the opposite sides of the nut blanks in parallel alignment during the grinding operation.

CLAUDE D. REED. 

